Entropy Analysis in Magnetohydrodynamic Eyring-Powell NbO_2/Blood Nanofluid over an Exponentially Stretching Sheet

Abstract

Researchers aim to develop groundbreaking therapies for tissue damage and illness by exploring and enhancing the potential of graphene oxide in various medical domains. Due to its biocompatibility, mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, and ability to interact with biological molecules, graphene oxide shows significant potential for tissue repair and regeneration. This study aims to analyze the entropy of an Eyring-Powell (graphene oxide-blood) nanofluid, distorted by an exponentially stretching sheet. The research examines heat transfer in an Eyring-Powell nanofluid containing five types of nanoparticles: blades, bricks, cylinders, platelets, and spheres. It incorporates effects such as viscous dissipation, radiation, Joule heating, and magnetohydrodynamics.

A set of governing equations is transformed into a dimensionless system using appropriate transformations. Graphs illustrate the physical behavior of temperature and velocity fields. Additionally, the entropy and Bejan number are graphically represented concerning various factors. The skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are presented graphically. The widely recognized convergence method, BVP4C, is employed to obtain the solution. The comparison of results of the proposed scheme with the existing literature is given in the form of table. Notably, platelet-shaped nanoparticles exhibit the highest entropy among all forms, suggesting that their greater entropy generation implies enhanced heat dissipation capacities. Controlling heat production is essential in medical contexts, such as wound healing or tissue restoration, to prevent tissue damage or necrosis. Platelet-shaped nanoparticles can effectively disperse excessive heat produced during procedures such as photo-thermal therapy, thereby minimizing potential harm to surrounding tissues.